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National Level Policies

The National Level Policies section of the portal provides an overview of
the actual situation concerning actions to tackle health inequalities in the
different European countries.

This part of the portal is currently being developed, the information for the remaining countries will continuously be completed.

In addition to the national level portraits of the individual countries the
overview analysis has been conducted and its initial results have been
published in EuroHealth magazine (EuroHealth, 11:2 p.24).

Download the final 'Closing the Gap' publication: Taking Action on Health Equity.

This publication contains summaries of what each of the 21 ´Closing the Gap´ partners are doing to address health inequalities in their countries, as well as the conclusions and recommendations of this 3-year initiative.

Results of the same country

List all good practice projects of the actual country.

You are here: > National Level Policies > Estonia > Policies, Strategies and other Documents > Documents

Documents

Key documents

Kunst A., Leinsalu M., Kasmel A., Habicht J. (2002) “Social Inequalities in health in Estonia”, Ministry of Social Affairs: Tallin
This is the first report highlighting the issue of health inequalities in Estonia. The principal objective of this report is to give a detailed description of social inequalities in self-reported morbidity, mortality, health-related behaviour and health care utilisation within the Estonian population, and to assess whether these inequalities have diminished or widened since independence (1991). Two secondary objectives are to use this detailed description to (a) formulate implications for health sector policies and (b) make recommendations for future research and monitoring of social inequalities in health in Estonia.

Other Publications

[Here you can find reference(s) to book(s) and other major research publications on Health Inequalities in Estonia]

2001  Health Equity Study (project grant from the Ministry of Social Affairs of Estonia/the World Bank.
Outcomes of these research project:

Kunst AE, Leinsalu M, Kasmel A, Habicht J. Social inequalities in health in Estonia. Main report. Tallinn: The Ministry of Social Affairs, 2002.

Kunst AE, Leinsalu M,  Habicht J, Kasmel A, Niglas K. Social inequalities in health in Estonia. Technical document. Tallinn: The Ministry of Social Affairs, 2002.  
Habicht J, Kunst A.E. Social inequalities in health care services utilisation after eight years of health care reforms: a cross-sectional study of Estonia, 1999. Social Science and Medicine (2005); 60 (4): 777-787

Habicht T, Habicht J. Equity principles in health care [in Estonian]. Eesti Arst 2002;81(3)186-8

Leinsalu M, Vågerö D, Kunst AE. Estonia 1989/2000: enormous increase in mortality differences by education. Int J Epidemiol 2003;32:1081-1087.

Leinsalu M. Troubled transitions. Social variation and long-term trends in health and mortality in Estonia. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 2004.

Leinsalu M, Vågerö D, Kunst AE. Increasing ethnic differences in mortality in Estonia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. J Epidemiology and Community Health 2004;58:583-589.

1999 Estonian National Research and Development Programme in Public Health, subproject “Socioeconomic inequalities in physical and mental health and some possible explanatory mechanisms”. Project grant from the Ministry of Social Affairs of Estonia.
Outcomes of these research project:

Aluoja A, Shlik J, Vasar V, Luuk K, Leinsalu M. Development and psychometric properties of the Emotional STATE Questionnaire, a self-report questionnaire for depression and anxiety.
Nord J Psychiatry 1999;53:443-449.

Leinsalu M. Social variation in self-rated health in Estonia: A cross-sectional study. Soc Sci Med 2002; 55: 847-861.
Aluoja A, Leinsalu M, Shlik J, Vasar V, Luuk K. Symptoms of depression in the Estonian population: prevalence, sociodemographic correlates and social adjustment. J Affect Disorders 2004;1:27-35.    

1999-2005  “The Nature, Strength and Interactions between Genetic, Personal,  Environmental and Lifestyle Factors in the Development of some Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular disease Risk Factors in 9-to 16-year old children.

Project grant from Estonian Science Foundation.

Lawlor, D.A., Harro, M., Wedderkopp, N., Andersen, L.B., Sardinha, L., Riddoch, C.J., Page, A.S., Anderssen, S.A., Froberg, K., Stansbie, D., Smith, G.D. The association of socioeconomic position with insulin resistance among children from northern (Denmark), eastern (Estonia) and southern (Portugal) Europe: findings from the European Youth Heart Study. ACCEPTED in BMJ (in press July 2005).

Harro, M. Estonian schoolchildren health and family socioeconomic situation (in Estonian) Eesti Arst, 2002; 81(4): 216-221.
Kutsar, D., Harro, M., Tiit, E.-M., Matrov, D. Children’s Welfare in Estonia from Different Perspectives. In: Children’s Welfare in Aging Europe. Norwegian Centre for Child Research, 2004. pp 81-140.